This journal provides immediate open access to all of its published content based on the principle that making research freely available to the public fosters a greater global exchange of knowledge. Open access enables researchers, practitioners, students, and the wider community to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of articles without financial, legal, or technical barriers.

By adopting this policy, the journal is committed to:

• Promoting the widest possible dissemination of scholarly work.

• Supporting transparency, accessibility, and inclusivity in scientific communication.

• Enhancing research visibility, citation potential, and academic impact.

• Encouraging collaboration and knowledge sharing across institutions and countries.

All articles published in this journal are made available under open access licensing terms that allow users to utilize the content responsibly while ensuring proper attribution to the original authors.